#OPENLCA NO FLOW DATA IN PRODUCT SYSTEM DRIVERS#
NO x, SO 2 and CO 2 emissions) caused directly or indirectly by manufacturing are major drivers of increasing environmental impacts. Manufacturing plays an important role in the global economic development but it also contributes to a large share of environmental pollution and affects the human health. The combined methodology is applied for analysing a case study in fourteen scenarios for the integration of volatile energy sources into energy flexible manufacturing control. Thus, it can be demonstrate that Life Cycle Assessment can enhance the process simulation and help identify hot-spots along the life cycle. The environmental flows are converted into impacts for the five recommended environmental impact categories. Furthermore, the importance of considering indirect peripheral equipment and its effects on the manufacturing system operation in terms of output and energy demands is underlined. This combined approach highlights the influences from dynamic effects in manufacturing systems on resulting life cycle impact from both product and production system. Manufacturing simulation covers the production system and Life Cycle Assessment is needed to relate the results to the final product. Therefore, the two life cycles of product and production system are merged to assess environmental sustainability on product level. In order to cope with shortcomings of the static character of life cycle models and data gaps this approach combines Life Cycle Assessment with manufacturing system simulation.
As an established method used in sustainability management, Life Cycle Assessment aims at calculating the environmental impacts from all life cycle stages of a product or system. However, neglecting the environmental impacts of production equipment, technical building services and energy supply might lead to sub-optimization or burden-shifting and thus reduced effectiveness. The eco-efficiency of actual production processes is still one dominating research area in engineering.
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